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Author Topic: WAEC 2014/2015 Geography Obj and Essay, Theory Questions And Answers  (Read 16242 times)

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Offline MEGAX

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Verified GEOGRAPHY OBJ:
1-10: CBACDABDCA
11-20: DACDDAABCA 
21-30: ADCADCBDAB
31-40: ABDCADBDAA 
41-50: DCCDCBCBDA


(1a)
(i)Migration: rural-urban migration tends to increase the population of these towns.

(ii)commercial activities:presence of markets and business transactions pulls people to these areas.

(iii)presence of industries: the presence of industries in Lagos,Ibadan, kano, etc provides jobs for the people.

(iv)employment opportunities: the availability of jobs in these towns also swells the population.

(iv)Administrative headquarters: some towns like lagos,enugu,ibadan and kano serves as administrative capitals which attract people to the area.

(1b)
(i)pressure on natural resources: natural resources like fertile farmlands become over exploited where there is high population growth in the area.

(ii)insufficient food: as a result of the high influx of people into an area, there will not be sufficient food or water for the high population:

(iii)Traffic congestion: many people travel on the roads at the same time and since they are usually many, there will be traffic congestion.

(iv)inadequate housing:high population concentration leads to poor accommodation as the houses available might not be enough.

(v)environmental pollution:poor housing and pressure on natural and social facilities do lead to environmental pollution.

(3a)
(i)majority of the industries are operating on small scale bases. i.e small scale enterprises.

(ii)they can only be located in urban centres.

(iii)they are dependent on imported raw materials from other countries.

(iv)they depend on technical expertise from other countries.

(v)large concentration on consumable goods.

(vi)products are essentially made for local markets.

(3b)
(I)Low capital: capital is one of the primary needs of any manufacturing industries.

(II)shortage of skilled labour: skilled labours are few in Nigeria and this has hampered the development of manufacturing industries in the country.

(III)irregular power supply: most industries if not all,rely on generator to power their machine for production and its very uneconomical.

(IV)inadequate raw materials: raw materials are in short supply.

(V)poor management: this is also another demerit that has always cause problem.


(4a)Nigeria is a sub-saharan nation located in west Africa. It is located between latitudes 4degree N and 14digre N of the equator and between longtudes 3digre E and 15digree of the greenwich meridian

(4aii) Nigeria is the fourth largest country in Africa after Niger,Mali and Mauritania. It has an area of about 923,000sgkm

(4b)
(i) Source of minerals: most highlands in Nigeria are source of minerals like coal(enugu) tin and columbite (jos plateau),gold,diamond and limestone.

(ii) For defence: highland are useful in time of inter-tribal wars for easy defence against enemies.

(iii)As a sources of rivers: most highland in Nigeria serve as watershed or sources of many rivers and streams.

(iv)As tourist centres: some highland in Nigeria serve as centre for tourist attraction e.g jos plateau

(v)some highlands has cool climate which aids settlement of people.

(5b)
-Rapids and cataracts: presence of rapids and cataracts which impede drainage or navigation.

-shallowness:majority of the nigerian rivers are very shallow.

-short distance:most rivers often flow over short distance, hence not suitable for navigation.

(5c)
-irrigation
-hydro-electric power generation

   
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    Offline ojtech

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    Verified GEOGRAPHY OBJ:

    1B 2C 3A 4A 5D 6A 7C 8B 9B 10C 11C 12A 13C 14A 15A 16D 17B 18B 20C 21A 22D 23A 24C 25B 26B 27 28D 29A 30C 31 32 33B 34A 35A 36C 37B 38D 39B 40A 41C 42 43B 44A 45B 46D 47D 48C 49A 50C




    GEOGRAPHY Theory Answers:

    (1a) draw the graph x against y
    (1b)nucleated settlement, dispersed settlement

    (1c)
    1:500
    2cm=1km
    =>26.5cm=xkm
    2x=26.5
    x=26.5/2
    x=13.25km
    the lenght of river jamtari is 13.25km

    (1d)
    manmade:
    -orchard bush
    -settlement e.g jauro sanda
    physical features:
    -rivers
    -hill
    -spot light

    2a) Country a, Annual contribution 50.000,45degree. Country B, Annual contribution 150.000, 135degree. Country C, Annual contribution 110.000, 99degree. Country D, Annual contribution 90.000, 81degree. Country A =50/400*360degree=45degree.


    3a) Sunrise/Sunset. As the earth retaker from West to East,places in the experiences daylight (sunrise)first while places in the west are later exposed to the light of the sun. If the earth were flat all places in the earth would experience sunrise(daylight)/ sunset (darkned)at once.
    (3aii) Circumnavigation: circumnavigatioo means travelling around a circular obect. Belweer 1519 and 1522 Ferchnand Magellal and his crew travelled around the world. Divoing the course of travel,they rephised they were back at the begining point. This is a characteristic of a circular body. If the earth were flat they would come incontact with an abrupt edge and fall of.
    3b) Town A(lat5degreeN). Town B (lat10degreeN) Latitude differenc=5degreeS +10degreeN=150. Distance=Latitude differenc*Lat1degree. =15degree*111=1665degreeKM

    (4a) block materials are made of old rocks which have flat or slightly sloping surfaces. they have steepn sides. examples are voges mountains, Hustruck Mountains

    (4b)tourist attraction e.g for holiday resorts like olumo rocks
    -sources of riverse.g River Niger,from the guinea highlands.
    -mineral sources-mines are from highlands e,g tin,columbite,from jos
    -relief rain-mountains encourage relief rain formation

    (5a) weathering is the process by which rocks are disintegrated into smaller particles by external forces
    (5b)chemical weathering is the process by which rocks are decomposed, loosened or dissolved by chemical processes to form residual materials or smaller particles.

    5b)The four process of chemical weathering.
    1)Solution = this takes place when water e.g rain water attacks and dissolves rock salts to form a solution. e.g Rain water dissolvs CaCo3 of limestone leading to the formation of cracks in rocks.
    2) Carbonation.= Co2 in the air mixes with rain water forming a weak acid. These acids dissolves rocks resulting in their breakdown.
    3) Hydrohysis= this is the reaction of water with rock minerals to produce a rock entirely different from the initial one

    (6a)Delta is a landform that is formed at mouth of a river, where the river flows into an ocean,sea,estuary, e.t.c Type of Delta
    - Wave dominated deltas: waves erosion controls the shape of the delta, and much of the sediments emanating from the river mouth is deflected along the coast line e.g Nile delta
    -Tide dominated deltas: erosion is an important control in tide dominated deltas. e.g Ganges Deltas.
    (6c)
    -they are formed at the mouth of the river
    -they are formed by erosion of soil sediment
    -they are formed by tides of water body

    (7a)Flooding is define as occurrence of execessive volume of water in area not usually waterlogged.
    (7b) it occurs where there is poor drainage and where there is heavy rainfall
    (7c) -causes loss of lives and properties
    - it causes interuption of socio-economic activites
    - it makes human and vehicular movement difficult
    -it creates health harzards via pollution
    (7d) -construction of wider gutters and culerts
    -Aviod dumping of refuse in the water channels
    -proper channelization of bloods from city centres
    -public enlightment on effect of flooding[/size]


    HUMAN & REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY ANSWERS:
    (1a)
    i.)Industrial function: owning to the presence of industries,urban centres are involve in the manufacturing of finished goods

    (ii)commercial function:the presence of markets and banks enables urban dwellers to engage in commercial activities.
    (iii)mining function:where minerals are present in some towns, the inhabitants tend to perform mining functions.
    (iv)socio cultution: urban settlements are centres for the establishment of universities, polytechnics,schools,churches,mosques and hotels.
    (1c)
    (i)proision of more social amenities.

    (ii)creation of more jobs by establishing industries.
    (iii)provision of more houses at affordable rates

    2a)i.) It is the cheapest means of transportation of people and goods from place to place.
    (ii.) It has the merit of transporting cargo and people over relatively longer distance when compared to road transport.
    (iii.) It is the most comfortable means for transporting bulky and heavy goods(both finish goods and raw material) to and from industries.
    (2aii) It sometimes shorten the distance of travel between two places.
    [II]It is sometimes the best means of transport for heavy,high pricely inflammabble goods likd compressed gas.
    [III]In land navigation is very cheap.
    (2b)i.) Management laxing due to lack of management expertise and dedication.
    (ii.) Lack of spare parts to fix damaged rail and train part.
    (iii.) It has a very low patronage because it may not be as fashionable and attractive as means such as air.
    (iv.) Inadequate funding and financing.

    (3a) International trade is a business cocept describe the buying and selling (exchange)of goods between two countries or more.
    3b)(i.) It encourages international coperation and connection between countries that are exchanging services.
    (ii.) It provides an avenue for people to have access to products that they world otherwise not be privy to.
    (iii.) It creates an environment for the exchange of ideas and business concept between people of different natures.
    (iv.) It done on a large scale, it creats viable employment which will have a positive effect on the economy.
    (v.) Government gencome from taxes and duties levled on imports and exports.

    (4b)(i)availability of raw materials: the areas have available resources to cater .
    (ii)the presence of several infrastructural facilities.
    (4c)(i)inadequate capital: to establish an industry a large capital is needed. this is not readily available as most people in nigeria are poor
    (ii)intermittent power supply: there is intermittent power supply in Nigeria and is the major factor affecting industry.
    (iii)inadequate skilled manpower: tropical african countries have a great number of unskilled labour, but there is serious shortailled labour.
    (iv)inadequate infrastructure: there is no adequate infrastructure in nigeira whic is one of the major factor affecting industrialization.


    (7a)(i)historical factors: some densely populated areas like kano have been centres of trans-sahara trade which contributed to its high population while the middle belt has low population as a source area due to trans-shahra slae trade.
    (ii)

    agricultural:fertile soils faour high population densities while poor soils and lack of farming activities discourage high population growth.

    (iii)Industrialization: the presence of industries or industrial activities encourage high population concentration while absencestries encourages low population.
    (iv)mining: the presence of mineral attracts high population while absence of mineral do not.

    (7b)(i)low crime rate:the rate of armed robbery, car snatching etc is greatly reduced
    (ii)regular flow of traffic: there is no traffic congestion in areas of low  population
    (iii)high per capital income: this is achieved as a result of little labour for the industries.

    (iv)adequate planning: these areas due to low population  are properly planned for decent living
    (v)abundant resources:there  wiundance of resources in areas where there are resources endowment.

    (9b)
    the method of mining Gold is the underground or shaft method. In this method, vertical shafts or holes are dug to reach the ore bearing rocks from where holes are drilled. explosives are used to fill the holes to shatter the rocks by blasting. the broken rocks are then taken  to the surface from where they are taken to the concentrator that filter out the gold.
    (9c)(i)employment
    (ii)revenues generation
    (iii)improvement of standard of living
    (iv)provision of essential goods
    (v)foreign exchange earning.



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