Earlyface

Even me I need it, the biology essay and objectives questions and answers 08125809683.

WAEC Biology Practical Specimens
Below are past practical Specimens Provided

Group I:
Specimen A – Thermometer
Specimen B – Rain guage
Specimen C – Meter rule
Specimen D – Sweep net
Specimen E – Wind vane
Specimen F – Quadrat
Specimen G – Filter paper
Specimen H – Quill feather
Specimen J – Palm frond(freshly procured)

Group II:
Specimen P – Male cockroach
Specimen Q – Grasshopper
Specimen R – Small mammal/Rat/Mouse

Question 1: Study specimens A, B, C and E and use them to answer the  questions that follows.

a. (i) Name the quantities which each of specimens A, B, C and E measures.
(ii) Name the SI units of specimens A, B, C and E.
b. Name the…
c.State three observable similarities between specimens Q and R.

Question 2:
Study carefully specimens P and Q and use them  to answer 2(a) to 2(c)
a. (i) What class of organisms do specimens P and Q each belong to?
(ii) State the number of legs present in specimens P and Q each.
(iii) In a tabular form, state three differences between specimens P and Q.
b. State two ways each in which specimen Q is of economic importance.
c. Make a drawing, 8 – 10 cm long of the lateral or dorsal view of Specimen P and label fully. [Hint: Lateral means the side view while Dorsal means viewing from the top]

Question 3: a. Name the life process in mammals that is associated with specimen R.
b. (i) State three observable differences between specimens H and J.
(ii) Name four…
c. Make a drawing, 10 – 12 cm long of the dorsal view of Specimen H and label fully.
d. (i) State four effects …
(ii) In a tabular form, state four differences between specimen Q and R.
(iii) Outline one way in which specimen Q is of importance to farmers.

Note:
(i) Specimen, P, Q and R are peculiar to candidates in Nigeria only and should be provided for candidates in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and The Gambia.
(ii) specimens S, T, U, V and W are peculiar to candidates in, Sierra Leone, and the Gambia only and should not be provided for candidates in Ghana.

(iii) All specimens can be provided as group specimens for fifteen(15) candidates.
(iv) All specimens in each group must carry individual labels(e.g A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M in Group I)

WAEC Biology practical Materials:
glass jar cover or petri dish;
scalpel or razor blade;
a beaker;
a pair of forceps;
plain white sheet of paper ;
magnifying lens/hand lens ;
test tubes;
iodine solution;
Razor/knife
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION FOR PRACTICAL BIOLOGY
There will be three papers: Papers 1, 2 and 3, all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 will be a composite paper to be taken at one sitting.

PAPER 1: Will consist of fifty multiple-choice objective questions drawn from Section A of the syllabus (the section of the syllabus which is common to all countries). It will carry 50 marks and last for 50 minutes.

PAPER 2: Will consist of six essay questions drawn from the entire syllabus. The paper will be put into three sections, Sections A, B and C.

Section A: Will consist of four questions drawn from Section A of the syllabus.

Section B: Will be for candidates in Ghana only and will be drawn from Section B of the syllabus (ie the section of the syllabus perculiar to Ghana). It will consist of short-structured questions.

Section C: Will be for candidates in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, The Gambia and Liberia and will be drawn from Section C of the syllabus (ie the section of the syllabus containing material for those countries only). It will also consist of short-structured questions.

Candidates will be expected to answer two questions from Section A and all the short-structured questions from either Section B or Section C.

Each question in Section A will carry 20 marks while the compulsory short-structured questions in Sections B and C will carry 30 marks. The total score will be 70 marks. The paper shall take 1 hour 40 minutes.

PAPER 3: Will be a practical test (for school candidates) or a test of practical work (for private candidates) lasting 2 hours and consisting of three sections: Sections A, B and C.

Section A: This will consist of two compulsory questions drawn from Section A of the syllabus, each carrying 25 marks.

Section B: This will be for candidates in Ghana only. It will consist of one question drawn from Section B of the syllabus and will carry 30 marks.

Section C: This will be for candidates in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, The Gambia and Liberia. It will consist of one question drawn from Section C of the syllabus and will carry 30 marks.
Candidates will be expected to answer all the questions in Section A and one question in either Section B or C. The paper will carry a total score of 80 marks.

(1ai)
When the head moves or changes position,the endolymph fluid in the semi-cricular canals moves and stimulates the nerve endings. The nerve endings then transmit the impulses through vestibular to the cerebellum of the brain where the new position at the head is interpreted and the appropriate responses sent to the muscular system to maintain body balance

(1aii)


(1aiii)
The middle ear in human can be split into three parts; external, mdiddle and inner. The middle ear lies within the temporal bone, and extends from the tympanic membrane to the lateral wall of the inner ear. The main function of the middle ear is to transmit vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear via the auditory ossicles.

1a)
When the head moves or changes position,the endolymph fluid in the semi-cricular canals moves and stimulates the nerve endings. The nerve endings then transmit the impulses through vestibular to the cerebellum of the brain where the new position at the head is interpreted and the appropriate responses sent to the muscular system to maintain body balance

(Diagram of middle ear)


1bii)
The cavity of the middle ear is a narrow air-filled space. A slight constriction divides it into an upper and a lower chamber, the tympanum (tympanic cavity) proper below and the epitympanum above. These chambers are also referred to as the atrium and the attic, respectively. The middle-ear space roughly resembles a rectangular room with four walls, a floor, and a ceiling. The outer (lateral) wall of the middle-ear space is formed by the tympanic membrane.
The middle ear in human can be split into three parts; external, middle and inner. The middle ear lies within the temporal bone, and extends from the tympanic membrane to the lateral wall of the inner ear.

2ai)
A deficiency disease is a disease caused by a lack of essential dietary elements and especially a vitamin or mineral. It distorts the normal functioning of the human body thereby giving rise to diseases. These diseases affect the organ, tissue and vital system of the human body.

(2aii)
-Nutrient Deficiency Disease
(i) Night blindness.
(ii) Pellagra(a skin and digestive problem)
(iii) Beri-Beri(wasting of muscles, paralysis, stunted growth.
(iv) Anaemia
(v) Scurry

-Remedy
(i) Eating meal rich in vitamin A(retinol) eg Liver, egg, fish, milk, fresh vegetables.
(ii) Foods rich in yeast, liver, milk, eggs and whole grain.
(iii) Eating meal rich in liver, groundnuts, yeast and rice.
(iv) Eating meal rich in folic acid eg leafy vegetables, liver.
(v) Eating of fresh citrus fruits.

(2bi)
Starch in a tuber of yam is carried out as thus:
-By adding few drops of dilute iodine solution on a raw piece of yam.
-After this, it would be observed that the colour will change blue-black confirming the presence of starch.

(2bii)
Glucose in orange fruit requires:
-Putting a small quantity of glucose solution in a test tube, with few drops of Benedict solution (about 2%).
-The mixture is boiled for 4-6minutes.
-After this, a brick-red or orange precipitate is seen confirming the presence of glucose.

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