COMPUTER SCIENCE ANSWERS
(1a)
(i) Sign in: Sign in is the process of logging into a system or service using a username and password or other credentials to access personalized content or features. By signing in, users can access their accounts, settings, preferences, and other information that is specific to them.
(ii) Search engine: A search engine is a web-based tool or software program that allows users to search for information on the internet. Users can enter keywords or queries into the search engine, which then retrieves relevant results from its index of websites and web pages.
(1bi)
(i) Figure 1: Random File Access Method
(ii) Figure 2: Sequential File Access Method
(1bii)
(i) FIGURE 1:
ADVANTAGES:
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Fast access to any record
(ii) Direct access to data
(iii) Efficient for reading and writing large amounts of data
(iv) Suitable for large databases
(v) Support for random access and sequential access operations
DISADVANTAGES:
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Inefficient for large data sets
(ii) Prone to data corruption
(iii) Limited portability between systems
(iv) Difficulty in managing complex data structures
(v) Limited built-in search capabilities
(ii) FIGURE 2
ADVANTAGES:
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Simple to implement
(ii) Cost-effective
(iii) Suitable for large amounts of data
(iv) Easy to maintain
(v) Can be read sequentially
DISADVANTAGES:
(PICK ONE ONLY)
(i) Slow access speed
(ii) Inefficient for frequent random access
(iii) Limited concurrent access
(iv) Difficulty in updating and inserting data
(v) Susceptible to data corruption
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(2ai)
A data cable is a cable used to connect devices and transfer data between them. It is a medium for transmitting digital information, such as text, images, audio, and video, from one device to another.
(2aii)
(i) Serial cables
(ii) Parallel cables
(2aiii)
Bus speed refers to the rate at which data is transferred between devices connected to a bus (a communication pathway). A faster bus speed allows for faster data transfer, while a slower bus speed limits the rate at which data can be transferred. For example, a computer with a faster bus speed (e.g., 100 MHz) can transfer data more quickly than one with a slower bus speed (e.g., 33 MHz).
(2b)
(i) Register: A small amount of memory built into a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that stores data temporarily while it is being processed. Registers are used to hold data that is being transferred between different parts of the computer or between the computer and external devices.
(ii) Address: A unique identifier for a memory location or a device connected to a computer. An address is used to locate and access data stored in memory or to communicate with devices connected to the computer. In data conversion, addresses are used to specify where data should be read from or written to.
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(3ai)
File: A collection of related data or records stored together on a computer.
(3aii)
Record: A single entry in a file, containing specific information about a particular person, thing, or transaction.
(3aiii)
Field: A single piece of information within a record, representing a specific attribute or characteristic (e.g., name, age, address).
(3bi)
-Date of birth
-Contact phone number
-Course enrollment
(3bii)
(i) Open the database application and select the student's record.
(ii) Identify the field to be edited (e.g., address).
(iii) Click on the edit button or double-click on the field.
(iv) Make the necessary changes to the field.
(v) Save the changes.
(3biii)
-Microsoft Access
-MySQL
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(4ai)
A logic truth table shows all possible combinations of inputs and their corresponding outputs, illustrating the logical relationships between them.
(4aii)
(i) AND gate
(ii) OR gate
(4aiii)
| X | Y | Z = X AND Y | Z = X OR Y|
|-----|-----|-------------|-----------|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
(4b)
A comparator as a logic device is used to compare two binary inputs to determine their relationship. It can check whether the inputs are equal, or if one is greater than or less than the other, depending on the complexity of the comparator. Simple comparators might just indicate equality or inequality, while more complex ones can provide specific outputs indicating which input is greater or smaller. Comparators are fundamental in digital circuits for sorting, decision-making, and numerical operations.
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(5a)
[TABULATE PLEASE]
=COMPILER=
(i) A compiler translates the entire program into machine code before execution
(ii) Compiled programs run directly on the computer hardware
=INTERPRETER=
(i) An interpreter translates and executes the program line by line.
(ii) Interpreted programs require an interpreter to translate and execute the code at runtime.
(5b)
(i) High-level programming language: Easier to write and maintain code, as high-level languages are farther away from machine language and provide more abstraction and simplicity.
(ii) Low-level programming language: Provides direct access to hardware resources and allows for finer control over system operations, making it suitable for systems programming and performance-critical applications.
(5c)
(i) Efficiency: A good program should use system resources (such as memory and processing power) optimally and minimize waste, ensuring it runs quickly and smoothly.
(ii) Readability: A good program should have clear, concise, and well-organized code that is easy to understand and maintain, making it simpler to debug and modify.
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