Author Topic: CORRECT: 2024 WAEC CHEMISTRY ANSWERS (OBJ & ESSAY) (Read 3614 times)

MANDINHO · « **on:** May 21, 2024, 04:12:55 am »

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MANDINHO · « **Reply #1 on:** May 22, 2024, 07:20:27 am »

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MANDINHO · « **Reply #2 on:** May 22, 2024, 11:04:22 am »

CHEMISTRY THEORY ANSWERS

(1a)
An electrochemical cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy or vice versa.

(1b)
(i) Electrochemical cells generate electricity spontaneously, while electrolytic cells require an external power source.
(ii) Electrochemical cells have a positive electrode (cathode) and a negative electrode (anode), while electrolytic cells have two identical electrodes.
(iii) Electrochemical cells are used for energy storage and conversion, while electrolytic cells are used for electrolysis and metal plating.

(1c)
When powdered zinc is added to a solution of copper(II) tetraoxosulphate(VI) in a beaker, the zinc will displace copper from the solution, forming zinc tetraoxosulphate(VI) and leaving a deposit of copper metal.

(1d)
(i) Zn + CuSO₄ --> ZnSO₄ + Cu

(ii) Redox reaction

(1e)
(i) Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
(ii) Ammonia (NH₃)

(1f)
(i) High temperature
(ii) Presence of catalysts
(iii) High pressure

(1g)
Noble gases are chemically inert because they have a full outer energy level, making it difficult for them to react with other elements.

(1h)
(i) Members have the same general formula
(ii) Members have similar chemical properties
(iii) Members have a gradual increase in physical properties (e.g., boiling point, melting point)
(iv) Members have a constant difference in molecular mass between successive members.

(1i)
Global warming refers to the long-term rise in the average surface temperature of the Earth due to the increasing levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to a warming effect on the planet.

(1j)
One cause of global warming is the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere, primarily due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), deforestation, and land-use changes.

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(2ai)
I. Deliquescence: The process by which a solid absorbs moisture from the air and dissolves in it, forming a solution.

II. Efflorescence: The process by which a solid loses moisture from the air and forms a powder or crystals.

(2aii)

I. Deliquescence: Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) is an example of a substance that undergoes deliquescence.

II. Efflorescence: Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is an example of a substance that undergoes efflorescence.

(2bi)
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in its ground state.

(2bii)
The second ionization energy value of sodium is greater than the first ionization energy because the second electron is removed from a positively charged ion (Na⁺), which requires more energy than removing an electron from a neutral atom (Na).

(2ci)
Charles' Law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin.

(2cii)

(2ciii)
First, we need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin:

21 °C + 273 = 294 K
45 °C + 273 = 318 K

Then, we can use Charles' Law to find the new volume:

V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂

where V₁ = 150 cm³, T₁ = 294 K, and T₂ = 318 K

Rearranging the equation to solve for V₂, we get:

V2 = V₁ * T₂ / T₁
= 150cm³ * 318K/294K
= 162.24cm³

(2di)

I. Sodium oxide (Na₂O): Na₂O + H₂O ----> 2NaOH

II. Phosphorus(III) oxide (P₂O₃): P₂O₃ + 3H₂O ----> 2HPO3₃

III. Chlorine(VII) oxide (Cl2O7): Cl₂O₇ + H₂O ---> 2HClO₄
IV. Magnesium oxide (MgO): MgO + H₂O ---> Mg(OH)₂

(2dii)
(i) Mg(OH)₂ (basic)
(ii) NaOH (basic)
(iii) HPO₃ (weakly acidic)
(iv) HClO₄ (strongly acidic)

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(4a&b)

(4c)

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(5)

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